'Views Of Wordsworth and Coleridge On Poem '
Paper Number :03 Literary Theory And Criticism - Western Poetics -01
Prepared By : Sima Rathod
M.A. Sem: 01
Batch :2019 - 21
Email Id :rsima144@gmail.com
Enrollment No :2069108420200034
Submitted To : S. B. Gardi English Department, MKBU
Views of Wordsworth and Coleridge on Poem and Analysis of Solitary Reaper and In A Station Metro with reference to Wordsworth and Coleridge's views.
Introduction:
:BIOGRAPHIA LITERARIA OR BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF MY LITERARY LIFE AND OPINIONS is an autobiography in discourse by SAMUAL TAYLOR COLERIDGE , published in 1817 in two volumes of twenty three chapters. The work was originally intended as a mere preface to a collected volume of his poems, explaining and justifying his own style and practice in poetry . The work grew to a literary autobiography including together many facts concerning his education and studies and his early literary adventures , an extended criticism of WILLIAM WORDSWORTH'S theory of poetry as given in the PREFACE TO THE LYRICAL BALLADS a work on which COLERIDGE collaborated and a statement of his philosophical views
Views of Coleridge And Wordsworth On Poems :
.In chapter 14 of BIOGRAPHIA LITERARIA , COLERIDGE 'S vies on nature and function of poetry is discussed in philosophical terms , the poet within COLERIDGE discusses the difference between poetry and prose , and the immediate function of poetry, whereas the philosopher discusses the difference between poem and poetry.
COLERIDGE ABOUT POEM:
#The incidents and agents were to be in part at least supernatural.
# It's an immediate purpose ,pleasure.
#It's ultimate end is truth
#Delight emerges from the whole, each and every part of it's composition harmonizing with its immediate purpose and ultimate end.
# A poem of any length neither can be nor ought to be all poetry
#element of mysticism in diction
#elements of mysticism in diction
#gives the charm of novelty to things of everyday objects by making supernatural natural
WORDSWORTH ABOUT POEM:
#simplicity in diction
#the main aim is to give pleasure.
# spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings ;it takes its origin from tranquility
#man speaking to man
#the charm of novelty to the things of everyday objects of nature by coloring it with the power of imagination.
Analysis of Solitary Reaper according to Wordsworth's Views on Poem :
The Solitary Reaper
BY WILLIAM WORDSWORTH
Behold her, single in the field,
Yon solitary Highland Lass!
Reaping and singing by herself;
Stop here, or gently pass!
Alone she cuts and binds the grain,
And sings a melancholy strain;
O listen! for the Vale profound
Is overflowing with the sound.
No Nightingale did ever chaunt
More welcome notes to weary bands
Of travellers in some shady haunt,
Among Arabian sands:
A voice so thrilling ne'er was heard
In spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird,
Breaking the silence of the seas
Among the farthest Hebrides.
Will no one tell me what she sings?—
Perhaps the plaintive numbers flow
For old, unhappy, far-off things,
And battles long ago:
Or is it some more humble lay,
Familiar matter of to-day?
Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain,
That has been, and may be again?
Whate'er the theme, the Maiden sang
As if her song could have no ending;
I saw her singing at her work,
And o'er the sickle bending;—
I listened, motionless and still;
And, as I mounted up the hill,
The music in my heart I bore,
Long after it was heard no more.
Along with “I wandered lonely as a cloud,” “The Solitary Reaper” is one of Wordsworth’s most famous post-Lyrical Ballads lyrics. In “Tintern Abbey” Wordsworth said that he was able to look on nature and hear “human music”; in this poem, he writes specifically about real human music encountered in a beloved, rustic setting. The song of the young girl reaping in the fields is incomprehensible to him (a “Highland lass,” she is likely singing in Scots), and what he appreciates is its tone, its expressive beauty, and the mood it creates within him, rather than its explicit content, at which he can only guess. To an extent, then, this poem ponders the limitations of language, as it does in the third stanza (“Will no one tell me what she sings?”). But what it really does is praise the beauty of music and its fluid expressive beauty, the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling” that Wordsworth identified at the heart of poetry.
By placing this praise and this beauty in a rustic, natural setting, and by and by establishing as its source a simple rustic girl, Wordsworth acts on the values of Lyrical Ballads. The poem’s structure is simple—the first stanza sets the scene, the second offers two bird comparisons for the music, the third wonders about the content of the songs, and the fourth describes the effect of the songs on the speaker—and its language is natural and unforced. Additionally, the final two lines of the poem (“Its music in my heart I bore / Long after it was heard no more”) return its focus to the familiar theme of memory, and the soothing effect of beautiful memories on human thoughts and feelings.
Analysis of In A Station Of Metro by Ezra pound with reference to Coleridge's Views on Poem
THE APPARITION OF THESE FACES IN THE CROWD ;
PETALS ON A WET, BLACK BOUGHT.
The brevity of this poem can be intimidating to analyze; after all, how much can a poet possibly convey in merely two lines? However, the shortness of this poem fits with its topic; when reading, the words flash by quickly, just as a subway speeds away from the platform in an instant. The doors open quickly, revealing a sea of faces, and then close again - the faces are gone after a fleeting glance. This poem's length and quick pace matches the constant motion of a train as it speeds by.
Though short, this poem is very sensory in nature; it allows the reader to imagine a scene while reading the lines. Through Pound's economical description of these faces as "petals on a wet, black bough," he is able to invoke a transient tone.
This poem is also a clear example of the Imagist style. Victorian poets would frequently use an abundance of flowery adjectives and lengthy descriptions in their poems. Yet Pound employs a Modernist approach to "In a Station of the Metro," using only a few descriptive words (and no verbs among them) to successfully get his point across
Pound uses the word "apparition," which is a ghostly, otherworldly figure, something ephemeral that fades in and out of view. By using this word, Pound reveals surprise at seeing this sea of faces as the subway doors open, which, for a brief moment, fills him with a sense of awe and astonishment. Also, the impermanence of the image gives the poem a melancholy tone, as if Pound is contemplating the fragility of life.
Pound connects images of petals and boughs to a mass of humanity - linking a man-made metropolitan scene with the cycles of nature. Pound's use of living metaphors adds to the fleeting tone of this poem. Flowers and trees, like human beings on a metro, are constantly moving, growing, and changing. This short glimpse through the metro doors is the only time that group of people will be as they are in that instant. Similarly, no two petals will ever look exactly the same, as rains come and go, winters freeze, and new buds bloom.
Thank You..
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