Two Friends by Guy De Maupassant

 An In-depth Analysis of Two Friends by Guy de Maupassant

Guy de Maupassant, one of the greatest short story writers of the 19th century, is known for his vivid storytelling, deep psychological insights, and sharp social commentary. His short story Two Friends (originally published in 1883) is a powerful tale that blends themes of war, friendship, patriotism, and fate. This blog explores the plot, characters, themes, literary techniques, and the relevance of Two Friends in today’s world. 

Plot Summary

Set during the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71), Two Friends tells the story of two Parisian men, Monsieur Morissot and Monsieur Sauvage, who share a love for fishing. Before the war, they used to fish together by the Seine River. However, due to the ongoing war and the Prussian siege of Paris, their routine has been disrupted.

One day, they meet unexpectedly in a café and reminisce about their past fishing trips. Overcome with nostalgia, they decide to sneak past enemy lines to their favorite fishing spot, despite the dangers. They obtain a password from a French officer and venture out, enjoying a peaceful moment amidst the chaos of war.

However, their serenity is short-lived as they are soon captured by Prussian soldiers. The German officer interrogates them, demanding the French army’s password. When they refuse to betray their country, they are executed, and their bodies are thrown into the river—the same river where they once found joy and solace.

Character Analysis

Monsieur Morissot

Morissot is a watchmaker by profession, representing the ordinary middle-class man caught in the turmoil of war. He is passionate about fishing and values friendship and peace. His character is a symbol of innocence and the tragic cost of war.

Monsieur Sauvage

Sauvage is a draper, embodying similar traits to Morissot—love for leisure, a patriotic heart, and unwavering loyalty to his country. His friendship with Morissot highlights the simple yet profound bond between individuals who share a common passion.

The Prussian Officer

The Prussian officer is a ruthless figure who represents the brutality of war. He is pragmatic, indifferent to human emotions, and focused solely on military strategy. His character serves as a stark contrast to the two friends, emphasizing the merciless nature of war.

Themes in Two Friends

1. War and Its Brutality

The story vividly portrays the harsh realities of war. While Morissot and Sauvage seek a brief escape, war finds them nonetheless, leading to their tragic deaths. Maupassant critiques how war robs people of their innocence, joy, and ultimately, their lives.

2. Friendship and Loyalty

Despite the dire situation, Morissot and Sauvage remain united. Their friendship is unwavering, even in the face of death. They choose to uphold their values rather than betray their country, showing the depth of their loyalty and integrity.

3. The Contrast Between Nature and War

Maupassant contrasts the peaceful beauty of the river with the violence of war. The Seine River, once a place of joy and tranquility for the two friends, ironically becomes their grave. This juxtaposition reinforces the idea that war destroys even the most serene aspects of life.

4. Patriotism vs. Self-Preservation

The two friends refuse to reveal military secrets, showcasing their patriotism. Their decision, though noble, leads to their execution. The story raises the question of whether loyalty to one’s country should come at the cost of one’s life.

Literary Techniques in Two Friends

1. Irony

The ultimate irony in the story is that Morissot and Sauvage seek an escape from war but end up being its victims. Another instance of irony is how the same river that brought them happiness also becomes their final resting place

2. Symbolism

The River Seine: A symbol of peace and nostalgia, but also of fate and death.

The Fish: The fish continue to swim peacefully, unaware of human conflicts, symbolizing the indifference of nature to human suffering.

3. Realism

Maupassant employs realism by depicting the horrors of war without romanticization. His vivid descriptions of Paris under siege and the Prussian soldiers' ruthlessness add to the story’s emotional impact.

4. Foreshadowing

Early in the story, there are hints that Morissot and Sauvage's adventure will not end well. The secrecy, the ominous war atmosphere, and their disregard for danger all foreshadow their tragic fate.