Assignment Paper -10 The American Literature

 Prepared by : Sima Rathod

Paper-10 The American Literature

E-mail ID: rsima144@gmail.com

Submitted to: Smt. S. B. Gardi Department of English,MKBU

Abstract:

 

In this research paper I have tried to point out are women's Liberty really matter even in the 21st century with reference to The scarlet letter written by Nathaniel Hawthorne.

Keywords: feminism, The scarlet letter puritan society ,21st century.

Introduction:

Nathaniel Hawthorne American novelist and short story writer who was a master of the allegorical and symbolic tale one of the greatest fiction writers in American literature he is best known for the scarlet letter and the house of the seven gables.in college Hawthorne had accepted only in composition and had determined to become a brighter upon graduation he had written and a Sagittarius novel and shave which he published at his own expense only to decide that it was unworthy of him and try to destroy all copies Hawthorne however soon found his own voice style and subjects and within five years of his graduation he had published such impressive and distinctive stories as the hollow of the three hills and old woman .

Research objectives

Research objectives of the study are as follow

To know about the puritan age

To know about the situation of women in puritan society.

To know about how things change or not even in the 21st century for women.

Research questions:

What is feminism?

Is the real liberation of women possible?

Are today's women the Modern Hester?

Research methodology:

The study is narrative research and follows a descriptive come analytic method the textual references are given as evidence to support the argument of this research the key concept of feminism is used in this research.

Literary review of The scarlet letter:

The scarlet letter novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne published in 1850 it is considered a masterpiece of American literature and the classics moral study. the novel is set in a village in Britain New England the main character is has to print a young woman who has to born a child out of wedlock establish herself a widow but her husband Roger Chillingworth arrives in New England very much alive and considers his identity he finds his wife forced to wear the scarlet letter a on her dress as punishment for adultery after is the refuses to name her lover Chillingworth becomes obsessed with finding his identity when he learns that the main in question is Arthur Dimmesdale ,a saintly young minister who is the leader of those exhorting her name the child's father chilling with process to terminate him strike on by guilt that becomes increasingly ill has taught herself is revealed to be a self-reliant heroine who is never truly repentant for committing adultery with the minister she feels that the act was consecrated by their deep love for each other. although she is initially second overtime her compassion and dignity silence many of her critics.

             in the end Chillingworth is morally degraded by his monomaniacal pursuit of Revenge in cell is broken by his own sense of guilt and he publicly confesses his adultery before dying in her sisters arms only has done can face the future bravely as she prepares to begin a new life with her daughter Paul in Europe years later hassle returns to New England where she can use to wear the scarlet letter after her that she is buried next Dimmesdale and their joint term stone is inscribed with on a field Sable the letter A, Gules.

Feminism:

feminism the belief in social economic and political equality of the sexes all the largely organized originating in the West Indies amine is manifested worldwide and is presented by various institutions committed to activity on behalf of women's rights and interest.

 throughout most of Western history women were confined to the domestics fear while public life was reserved for men in mediaeval Europe women were denied the right to own property to study or to participate in public life at the end of the 19th century in France they were still compelled to cover their heads in public and in parts of Germany husband still have the right to sell his wife even as late as the early 20th century women could neither vote 9 hold elective office in Europe and in the most of the United States women were prevented from conduct in business without a male representative beat father brother husband legal agent or even son married women could not exercise control over their own children without the permission of the husband's moreover women had little or no access to education and where bed from most professions in some parts of the world such restrictions on women continue today.

Feminism in India

feminism in India is a set of movements and a defining establishing and defending equal political and economic rights for women in India it is the percent of women's rights within the society of India like their families counterparts all over the world famous in India 6 gender equality the right to work for equal wages the right to equal access to health and education and equal political rights Indian 7 is also have fought against cultural specific issues within Indian patriarchal society such at inheritance laws the history of feminism in India can be divided into three faces the first phase beginning in the mid 19th century initiated when reformist begin to speak in favor of women rights by making reforms in education custom involving women II phase from 1952 Indian independence when Gandhi incorporated women's movement into the quit India movement and independent women's organization begin to emerge and finally the 3rd phase of independence which has focused on fair treatment of women at home after marriage the workplace and write to political party. despite the progress made by Indian feminist movements women living in modern India still face many issues of discrimination India's patriarchal culture has made the process of gaining land ownership rights and access to education challenging in the past two decades there has also image a trend of sex selective abortion to Indian feminist this are seen as injustice is worth struggling against.

Does women's Liberty really matter even in the 21st century?

it is common to hear the word feminism in the course of your usual dining table conversation and newsroom debates this word is one of the most VC used and MS apprehended word of all time what exactly does feminism mean is it a war against man does it can include placing women above men?

Why is feminism so crucial for a country like India?

India needs feminism because a woman should not be considered a responsibility of a malethroughout her life whether it be her father brother husband your son practices like kanyadan raksha Bandhan and the purdah system where a woman is wild behind a ghunghat highlight the extent of male dominance this practice is emphasizes that strong capable men have to protect the week project women and that women around designed to protect but to be protected. Every year two lakh girls are killed even before they can step into this world and thousands of women died due to harassment even in 21st century. still in many Indian households males and females are treated differently education as well as nutrition for boys is private eyes while that of the girls is neglected women in many Indian families it last and list after serving all the other family members this discrimination is selected in statics is raised by the government by states that almost 50% to of teenage Indian girls are underweight and 52% are anaemic.

The most important thing is employment for women, a woman is treated with disdain whether she is employed or not a certain section of our society believes that it is an offence if a woman is a well educated and working to support herself or her family financially and others so for many exception of our society believes that becoming a housewife would contribute little to women's empowerment women who chooses to raise their children full-time our continuing their career are criticized but what is vital is to realize that just because a woman is isn't earning doesn't mean her work is less important some research also points out how being a house maker is equivalent to working 2.5 jobs so profession shouldn't be made the important based on the amount of money it was but on the amount of value holds.

             working women in India on only 66% of what their male counterparts on for the same amount of work this gender pay gap and disparity in opportunities discourage women from performing well in the professional domain. a report suggests that India would be 27% teacher if their employment rates of women the glass ceiling effect is present in India which means that there is an invisible barrier that prevents women from rising to higher ranks in cooperation in India females make up only 11.2% of board members in films which is less than the global average we can see the same trade in the newly elected seventh Lok Sabha where only 14% of the members are women.

Conclusion:

Though thousands of people who feel we have already arrived at equality for men and women, there are thousands of people who believes we are not at all there yet and support continuing efforts to pave the way for equal rights for men and women there are thousands who believe in equal rights but find feminism a word and a movement that doesn't align with their personal beliefs or values. many people hear that feminism will mean that men will eventually lose out of power influence impact authority and control and economic opportunities many people also believes that families want to control the word and put man down many people fear the same in ISM will Orton time-honored traditions religious beliefs and established gender roles and that feels scary and ROM many people feared that feminism will bring about negative ships in relationships marriage society culture power and authority dynamics and in business job and economic opportunities if and when women are on an equal footing with men.

References :

Caprino, Kathy . Forbes . 8 March 2017. 4 December 2020 <https://www.forbes.com>.

McDonald, Ronan . Britanica. 5 May 2020. 4 December 2020 <https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Scarlet-Letter-novel-by-Hawthorne>.

Saxena , Sanchi . Youth Ki Awaz. 30 November 2019. 4 December 2020 <https://www.youthkiawaaz.com>.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Britanica. 30 June 2020. 4 December 2020 <https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nathaniel-Hawthorne>.

Wikipedia. n.d. 4 December 2020 <https://en.wikipedia.org>.